abstract：:Several mutations were introduced into the Cry1Ac toxin gene, resulting in four variants with altered sequences that were responsible for low expression of the toxin in transgenic plants. These variants were as follows: V1, with modified three A/T-rich regions, including the first signal of transcription termination; ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Misztal LH,Mostowska A,Skibinska M,Bajsa J,Musial WG,Jarmolowski A

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technological achievements in the last 5 to 10 yr and their application to sequencing and polymorphism discovery in the human genome have fostered a renewed interest in the genetic basis of drug response. Consequently, the field of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics has been gaining momentum, fueled not only on technol...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： McCarthy JJ

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of recombinant antibody technology led to an enormous revival in the use of antibodies as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for fighting cancer. This review provides a brief historical sketch of the development of recombinant antibodies for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer and summarizes the most si...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Krauss J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cell-based vaccines are being evaluated in clinical trials to determine their ability to activate clinically relevant tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Although some groups isolate dendritic cells from peripheral blood, most have found it more efficient to generate large numbers from peripheral blood ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Morse MA,Clay T,Colling K,Lyerly HK

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical management of immunocompromised patients depends on the rapid identification of infectious agents such as fungal pathogens. The procedure described here for accomplishing this uses a sensitive polymerase chain reaction method, previously reported, combined with restriction-enzyme digestion to distinguish ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Isik N,White L,Barnes R,Poynton CJ,Mills KI

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water-soluble quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH-B) is a dimeric enzyme whose application for glucose sensing is the focus of much attention. We attempted to increase the thermal stability of PQQGDH-B by introducing a disulfide bond at the dimer interface. The Ser residue at position 415 was selected for subst...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Igarashi S,Sode K

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an expression system for high-yield production of recombinant soluble human FasL (rsh- FasL) in CHO cells. After one round of selection for gene amplification, cell lines producing rsh-FasL up to 60 microg/L x 10(6) cells in 24 h were obtained. Cell lines were grown in protein-free medium as suspension cul...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Zappitelli S,D'Alatri L,Ciucci A,Raucci G,Faiella A,Gabrielli M,Parlani M,Bressan A,Maggi CA,Goso C,Rotondaro L

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to identify disease-associated genes using microarray technology is dependent on isolating high-quality total RNA from the diseased tissue under study. However, it is not always possible to obtain large amounts of affected tissue from patients and therefore the quality and yield of RNA may be compromised. ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Murray EJ

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is difficult to obtain precise and accurate estimates of the true mycotoxin concentration of a bulk lot when using a mycotoxin-sampling plan that measures the concentration in a small portion of the bulk lot. A mycotoxin-sampling plan is defined by a mycotoxin test procedure and a defined accept/reject limit. A myc...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Whitaker TB

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Association studies using genome scans to identify quantitative trait loci for multifactorial disorders, with anything approaching reasonable power, have been compromised by the need for a very dense array of genetic markers and large numbers of affected individuals. These requirements impose enormous burdens on the g...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Curran S,Hill L,O'Grady G,Turic D,Asherson P,Taylor E,Sham P,Craig I,Vaughan P

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brn-3a, a member of the POU gene family (so-called because of the similarity with the group of transcription factors Pit, Oct, and Unc), was found in neuronal cells engaged in the transcription activity of the p1 and p2 promoters of the most powerful antiapoptotic gene, namely, Bcl-2. The alternative splicing of Brn-3...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Chiarugi V,Del Rosso M,Magnelli L

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Costimulatory signal(s) in addition to engagement of T cell receptor is important for optimal activation of T lymphocytes. During last decade several dozens of new costimulatory molecules, including 4-1BB, CD40, OX40, CD27, and ICOS, have been identified. It is likely that in Post-Genome Era more molecules with potent...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Chapoval AI,Zhu G,Chen L

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Jet-injection has become an applicable technology among other established nonviral delivery systems, such as particle bombardment or in vivo electroporation. The low-volume jet injector employed in this study uses compressed air to inject solutions of 1.5-10 microL containing naked DNA into the desired tissue. The nov...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Walther W,Stein U,Fichtner I,Voss C,Schmidt T,Schleef M,Nellessen T,Schlag PM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Any biopharmaceutical product that has involved the use of animal-derived material during the manufacturing process has the potential to be contaminated with animal viruses. To ensure safety of these products, extensive testing is performed on the starting materials, such as the cell banks, and on the raw materials us...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Darling A

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA beta is an approx 1350 nucleotide, single-stranded DNA molecule which has been shown to be associated with some monopartite geminiviruses of the genus Begomovirus. This component requires the helper begomovirus for replication in the cells of host plants and for insect transmission, possibly by trans-encapsidation...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Briddon RW,Bull SE,Mansoor S,Amin I,Markham PG

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Addition of taxol into suspension cultures of Taxus cuspidata induced cell apoptosis, which was confirmed by gel electrophoresis of the DNA ladders indicating the progressive delineation of fragmented nuclear DNA (nDNA) into distinct bodies. The additional taxol not only changed the microtubule assembly of cells, but ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Yuan YJ,Ma ZY,Wu JC

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article describes the construction, expression, and purification of RNase single-chain antibody fusion proteins. To construct a fusion protein, the gene for each moiety, the RNase and the binding ligand, is modified separately to contain complementary DNA encoding a 13 amino acid spacer that separates the RNase f...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Newton DL,Rybak SM

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for monitoring the secretion of ZZ-fusion proteins. Two antibodies, a monoclonal mouse anti-human proinsulin and a rabbit anti-bovine IgG (strongly binding to the ZZ-domain), were used to quantify the secretion of recombinant human ZZ-proinsulin...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Mergulhão FJ,Monteiro GA,Cabral JM,Taipa MA

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mapping of genetic loci within organisms has been accelerated by the advent of Radiation Hybrid (RH) panels. These panels are available for humans and non-humans including mice, baboon, rat, and canine. This article contains a general protocol for the use of the Genebridge 4 whole genome RH panel to map a human lo...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Friedman JS,Walter MA

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetically engineered animal models have been and will continue to be invaluable for exploring the basic mechanisms involved in the aging process as well as in extending our understanding of diseases found to be more prevalent in the older human population. Continued development of such in vivo systems will allow sci...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Andersen JK

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rhoptry 2 protein (Rop2) is an interesting protein of Toxoplasma gondii that is involved in the parasite invasion of host cell, it has three T-cell epitopes and high antigenic value. However, the expression of Rop2 as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli is not an easy task, showing low levels of expression o...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Nigro M,Martin V,Kaufer F,Carral L,Angel SO,Pszenny V

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant adenovirus vectors have proven to be useful tools in facilitating gene transfer. Construction of such vectors requires a knowledge of the adenovirus genome structure and its life cycle. A commonly used recombinant adenovirus involves deletion of the E1 region; such a recombinant is traditionally produced b...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Davis AR,Wivel NA,Palladino JL,Tao L,Wilson JM

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophage lambda has been in use as a cloning vector for over 25 years, and has been used extensively as an expression vector. The efficiency of packaging and infection, and the simplicity of plaque screening are advantages of lambda as a cloning vector. A number of ingenious modifications help overcome the disadv...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Christensen AC

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) were raised by hybridoma technology using Sp2/0 myeloma cells as fusion partner. Sixty-five percent of the total culture wells exhibited hybrid growth and 8% of the total wells (13 culture wells) contained anti-hCG secreting hybrids. A pos...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Novo C,Domingos A,Karmali A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews some of the issues involved in evaluating vaccines in humans. Vaccine trials are required for licensure and are essential for demonstrating a vaccine's safety and protective efficacy. The formal framework of phase I, II, and III trials is described, with particular emphasis on the choice of hypoth...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Farrington CP,Miller E

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) or Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction/Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (FluRFLP) have made a significant impact on the way in which PCR products amplified from mixed community DNA extracts have been assessed. Technically, these approaches are essent...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Bruce KD,Hughes MR

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electron microscopic study of DNA-protein complexes can yield valuable information that is often not easily available by other methods. In this article we give a number of examples that were chosen to illustrate the utility of electron microscopy. Along with the strategy used are protocols that allow such experime...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Schnos M,Inman RB

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a central cytokine in the pathogenesis of septic shock and other inflammatory states. Assay by immunoassay is convenient, but, because of circulating soluble receptors, does not accurately reflect biological activity of the cytokine. This article describes how to perform a bioassay for T...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Evans TJ

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive method for staining proteins after transfer from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose paper is described. Transferred proteins are first derivatized by reaction of the nitrocellulose replica with sulfosuccinimidobiotin and are then reacted sequentially with streptavidin, rabbit anti-streptavidin, and hors...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Santora KE,Nelson SA,Lewis KA,LaRochelle WJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A functional assay for proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) was set up in yeast. This consisted of a membrane-bound chimeric protein containing the beta-secretase cleaved C-terminal fragment of APP fused to the Ga14 transcription factor. Using this chimera in a GAL-reporter yeast strain, an ex...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Gunyuzlu PL,White WH,Davis GL,Hollis GF,Toyn JH

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy protocols increases, there is a corresponding need for rapid, accurate, and reproducible titer methods. Multiple methods currently exist for determining titers of recombinant adenoviral vector, including optical absorbance, electron microscopy, fluorescent focus assay, ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Hitt DC,Booth JL,Dandapani V,Pennington LR,Gimble JM,Metcalf J

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amplification of DNA or RNA sequences using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) requires primers of an appropriate length to be designed. Two hexamer restriction primers, denoted as E101 and H301, which correspond to sequences of EcoRI and HindIII recognition sites, respectively, ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Ryu KH,Choi SH,Lee JS

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the method of choice to engineer desirable genes into plants. Here we describe a protocol for demonstrating T-DNA transfer from Agrobacterium into the economically important graminaceous plant maize. Expression of the T-DNA-located GUS gene was observed with high efficiency on ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Shen WH,Escudero J,Hohn B

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene reporter systems play a key role in gene expression and regulation studies. This review describes the ideal reporter systems, including reporter expression vector design. It summarizes the many uses of genetic reporters and outlines the currently available and commonly used reporter systems. Each system is descri...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Schenborn E,Groskreutz D

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzyme avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (AMV-RT) is routinely used for cDNA synthesis, which is generally carried out at temperatures between 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C. We show that this enzyme can support cDNA synthesis, at temperatures as high as 70 degrees C. We have utilized this property o...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Fuchs B,Zhang K,Rock MG,Bolander ME,Sarkar G

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have modified the differential display of 3'-end restriction fragments of cDNA technique by combining it with the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) approach and silver staining. Modified oligo-dT primers were used for a reverse transcription step. ds cDNA was digested with the Mse I restriction enzyme a...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Ivashuta S,Imai R,Uchiyama K,Gau M

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Virus crystallography can provide atomic resolution structures for intact isometric virus particles and components thereof. The methodology is illustrated by reference to a particularly complex example, the core of the bluetongue virus (700 A). ...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Fry EE,Grimes J,Stuart DI

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polyamines spermine, spermidine, and putrescine are small organic molecules one or more of which are present in all living organisms. Many natural products contain polyamine residues. Polyamines are synthesized by a highly regulated pathway from arginine or ornithine and also can be transported in and out of cells...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Morgan DM

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes are recognized as undergoing genomic imprinting when they are capable of being expressed only from the paternal or only from the maternal chromosome. The process can occur coordinately within large physical domains in mammalian chromosomes. One interesting facet of the study of genomic imprinting is that it offe...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Greally JM

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A short (43-bp) A/T-rich stretch of DNA located in the intergenic region between the baiA2 and baiF genes from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inserted in front of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequences of three inefficiently-expressed Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 g...

journal_title：Molecular biotechnology

authors： Mallonee DH,Hylemon PB

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00